The Infant and Effects of Parental Presence in the Operating Room During Induction of Anesthesia

Previous studies have investigated the physiological and behavioral effects of parental presence in the operating room during the induction of anesthesia (PPIA) both on the child and the parent. Since the characterization of anxiety in infants presents a unique challenge due to their inability to communicate verbally, these studies have typically focused on children greater than two years old. In the present study we addressed this understudied population directly by using highly reliable and validated behavioral instruments as well as analyzing sleep patterns and signs of distress in the infants. The hypothesis tested was the same as in the older child populations: parents and infants of parents who are present in the OR during the induction of anesthesia will demonstrate less behavioral and physiological anxiety than those parents and infants who do not experience PPIA. According to randomized controlled study design, the subjects were randomly assigned into either (1) the PPIA group (parents present in the OR until the infant is asleep) or (2) the Control group (parents not present in the OR). To date we have enrolled 10 patients to this study (n=10). Patient recruitment is ongoing. Because of the small sample size, data are unstable and thus a detailed discussion is beyond the scope of this abstract. Parental presence is a highly significant issue for parents of children undergoing induction of anesthesia. This topic is particularly important within the context of family centered care. Further data are needed to finalize our conclusions

Jane Austen among Women

Originally published in 1992. In an age when genteel women wrote little more than personal letters, how did Jane Austen manage to become a novelist? Was she an isolated genius who rose to fame through sheer talent? Did she draw strength from the support of her family or from women writers who went before her? In Jane Austen among Women, Deborah Kaplan argues that these explanations are either misleading or insufficient. Austen, Kaplan contends, participated actively in a women's culture that promoted female authority and achievement—a culture that not only helped her become a novelist but also influenced her fiction

Choosing a Digital Asset Management System That's Right for You

Planning is necessary in selecting the appropriate digital asset management system for your institution. Key issues one should consider in planning: the objects to be stored, where they come from, and how they will be accessed; the end users; and the needed staffing levels for system maintenance. During the development of the system requirements, think about the scope and objectives of projects and the business, functional, and testing requirements. Weigh the advantages and disadvantages of open-source and vendor-provided software. Talking with similar institutions and other customers about their experiences can provide valuable insight and advice. This record was migrated from the OpenDepot repository service in June, 2017 before shutting down

The Potentate of P.I.O. : [Judith Schwartz]

Rockefeller University Research Profiles are a series of scientific profiles that were published quarterly, from 1980-1990, by the Rockefeller University. Each issue features the research and achievements of an individual Rockefeller University scientist.https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/research_profiles/1037/thumbnail.jp

Archival description in OAI-ORE

This paper seeks to define a new method for representing and managing description of archival collections using OAI-ORE. This new method has two advantages. Firstly, it adapts traditional archival description methods for the contemporary reality that digital collections, unlike collections of physical materials, are not best described by physical location. Secondly, it takes advantage of the power of OAI-ORE to allow for a multitude of non-linear relationships, providing richer and more powerful access and description

Archival description in OAI-ORE

This paper seeks to define a new method for representing and managing description of archival collections using OAI-ORE. This new method has two advantages. Firstly, it adapts traditional archival description methods for the contemporary reality that digital collections, unlike collections of physical materials, are not best described by physical location. Secondly, it takes advantage of the power of OAI-ORE to allow for a multitude of non-linear relationships, providing richer and more powerful access and description

16: A Research‐Based Rubric for Developing Statements of Teaching Philosophy

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138851/1/tia200512.pd

Effects of a hospital-wide physician communication skills training workshop on self-efficacy, attitudes and behavior

Hospital systems interested in improving patient experience and physician engagement may look to physician communication skills training (CST) as a means of improving both. This study examines a 7.5-hour, multi-specialty, hospital-wide physician CST workshop in a large academic hospital system and its effects on participants’ self-efficacy, attitudes, and behaviors related to communicating with patients. Data was gathered from October 2014 through June 2016 through a web-based questionnaire sent to participants 6-weeks post-workshop which focused on skills taught in the course, attitudes toward communication training, and provider behaviors when communicating with patients. Along with demographic questions, a ten question retrospective pre-post format was used with a 5-point scale for the domains measured. Retrospective pre-post methodology may provide a more accurate assessment of a learners’ self-assessment of skills acquisition. A paired t-test was used to examine changes in participants’ self-efficacy, attitudes, and behaviors toward communicating with patients prior to and 6-weeks post-workshop. Linear regression was used to determine if there were any covariates that explained these changes. A total of 161 responses from 490 participants (21 medical specialties) were collected for a response rate of 32.8%. In 9 out of 10 domains measured, a significant change in self-efficacy, attitudes, and behaviors related to communicating with patients occurred (p\u3c. 05). There was no significant change in perceived time management/efficiency during visits. Our conclusion is that a 7.5 hour hospital-wide, multi-specialty physician CST can be effective in improving participants’ self-efficacy, attitudes, and behaviors toward communicating with patients

Structural Racism and Severe Maternal Morbidity in New York State

ABSTRACT Objective: We examined the association between county-level structural racism indicators and the odds of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) in New York State. Design: We merged individual-level hospitalization data from the New York State Department of Health Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) with county-level data from the American Community Survey and the Vera Institute of Justice from 2011 to 2013 (n = 244 854). Structural racism in each county included in our sample was constructed as the racial inequity (ratio of black to white population) in female educational attainment, female employment, and incarceration.ReSulT S: Multilevel logistic regression analysis estimated the association between each of these structural racism indicators and SMM, accounting for individual- and hospital-level characteristics and clustering in facilities. In the models adjusted for individual- and hospital-level factors, county-level racial inequity in female educational attainment was associated with small but statistically significant higher odds of SMM (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47, 1.85). County-level structural racism indicators of female employment inequity and incarceration inequity were not statistically significant. Interaction terms examining potential effect measure modification by race with each structural racism indicator also indicated no statistical difference. Conclusions: Studies of maternal disparities should consider multiple dimensions of structural racism as a contributing cause to SMM and as an additional area for potential intervention